Vol. 7, Issue 1, Part A (2025)

Background: High mortality rates have been reported for obstetric and gynecological cases admitted to ICUs in sub-Saharan Africa. These ICUs, often managed by anesthetists, face challenges such as limited bed capacity and inadequate monitoring equipment. Understanding the sociodemographic factors, reasons for admission, and outcomes is essential for improving patient care.

Objectives: This study investigates the sociodemographic characteristics, admission reasons, complications, and maternal outcomes of obstetric and gynecological patients in the ICU.

Methods: A retrospective observational study analyzed patient records from the ICU at University College Hospital, Ibadan. Data collected included sociodemographic information, risk factors, and outcomes. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to identify mortality predictors.

Results: Eighty-three patients were admitted, with 78.3% due to obstetric causes and a 28.9% mortality rate. The patients’ ages ranged from 17 to 54, with 59% having tertiary education. Most had a GCS of 13-15, and 60.2% required ventilation. Key interventions included ventilation support (60.2%) and blood transfusion (55.4%). Eclampsia (33.7%) and obstetric hemorrhage (20.5%) were the most common reasons for admission. Sepsis (16.9%) was the top complication, with most deaths occurring within 24 hours. Significant mortality predictors included age, GCS, delivery before ICU, and ventilation support.

Conclusion: ICU presence has improved maternal outcomes. Enhanced collaboration between traditional birth attendants and hospitals, along with training on aseptic techniques and risk recognition, is crucial to further reduce maternal deaths.